The names of other projects were mentioned in published obituaries. She also emphasized the opportunities for black women in architecture. It was held at the Unity Funeral Home in New York, a structure she helped design. woman, architect | 1.3K views, 87 likes, 34 loves, 6 comments, 22 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from BET: Beverly Lorraine Greene was the first Black woman to graduate from University of Illinois at. Greene earned a Bachelor of Science in architectural engineering from the University of Illinois in 1936. According to architectural editor Dreck Spurlock Wilson, she was "believed to have been the first African-American female licensed as an architect in the United States." [1] [2] She was registered as an architect in Illinois in 1942. She was the first African American woman to graduate from the recently integrated University of Illinois with a BSc in Architectural Engineering in 1936. Segons l'editor arquitectnic Dreck Spurlock Wilson, s probable que "ella hagi estat la primera dona afroamericana registrada com a arquitecta als Estats Units."[1] Es va registrar com a tal a Illinois en 1942. Beverly Loraine Green circa 1937. In our online shop you can buy back issues as well as our other publications and some other of Modernist goodies.. have a look. African American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary. By 2011, the project was demolished. Her next projects included buildings at New York University (NYU) which were completed between 1956 and 1961. I often wondered what happened to her. It was held at the Unity Funeral Home in New York, a structure she helped design. However this new, better quality of life wasnt intended for all. Having a masters degree in planning and housing helped her obtain the job, as did having influential friends. U.S. Farm Security Administration / Office of War Information Collection, Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress, Chicago Housing Authority, Ida B. [1] She was also involved in the drama club Cenacle and was a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers. A four-part podcast series on what the term Black Urbanisms can offer us as we think about cities and urban experience. Greene died at Saint John's Hospital, where he underwent abdominal surgery Aug. 19 for a perforated ulcer. Her employers during that period included the architectural firm headed by Isadore Rosefield which specialized in health care and hospital design. Photography by Russell Lee, 1941. In 1942, Greene was licensed in the State of Illinois as an architect. The only gallery in Manchester dedicated to architecture and design with regular exhibitions and modernist shop. IAWA Biographical Database. Accessed October 15, 2021. https://iawadb.lib.vt.edu/search.php?searchTerm=g. Also, Greene was drawn back to the realm of education, helping Edward Durell Stone work on a theater at the University of Arkansas in 1951 and the arts complex at Sarah Lawrence College (1952). Greenes graduation was also noted in an article about student activities at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in the, Permanent Clubhouse for Girls is New Goal,, The names of the people who were at this gathering were reported in a society column in the, See A. L. Foster, History of Fight for Housing Project Told,, Housing Authority Promises to Consider Race Architects,, Race Given Construction Jobs for Ida B. According to architectural editor Dreck Spurlock Wilson, she was "believed to have been the first African-American female licensed as an architect in the United States." [1] [2] She was registered as an architect in Illinois in 1942. Loraine is a feminine given name that is a modern form of the Germanic Chlothar (which is a blended form of Hldaz and Harjaz). I remember there was one gal in my class and she was what we called colored girls thenBeverly Greene. This record has not been verified for accuracy. After graduation she started working at the Chicago Housing Department, but her new job was interrupted when she was offered a scholarship to study her MSc in Architecture at Colombia University in New York. Greenes optimism stands in contrast to the fact that when she arrived in New York, there were only two prominent black architects with established offices: Vertner Tandy, one of the first black architects to be licensed in New York State, and John L. Wilson, one of his protgs, who had worked on the Harlem River Houses project, a WPA-era housing project in Harlem. Beverly Lorraine Greene (4 Oct 1915 22 August 1957) was a groundbreaking urban planner and architect with a unique and distinguished path in education and practice. Wells Housing Project, Chicago Housing Authority project (designed by an architectural collaborative), Chicago, 193841, Theater Project, Fine Arts Center, University of Arkansas (Edward Durrell Stone, architect), Fayetteville, Ark., 1949, Sarah Lawrence College (Edward Durrell Stone, architect), Bronxville, N.Y., 1950, Grosse Point Public Library (Marcel Breuer, architect), Grosse Point, Mich., 1951, Winthrop House Rockefeller addition (Marcel Breuer, architect), Tarrytown, N.Y., 1952, Carson Pirie, Scott and Co. Department Store alteration, Chicago, 1953, Unity Funeral Home (alteration of an existing building), 2352 Frederick Douglass Avenue, New York City, 1953, Christian Reformation Church in Harlem (alteration of an existing building), West 121st Street and Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. The Unity Funeral Home opened its doors on August 9, 1953 and quickly became one of Harlems most enduring mortuaries.2626Woman Architects Services at Unity, New York Amsterdam News, September 7, 1957. She was an advocate for professional black women throughout her career. Her graduation date and the degree she received were confirmed by the Registrars Office in an e-mail to author, April 18, 2003. In the 1930 census, they were reclassified as Negro.. He was 58. Education: Cheng-Kung University, Taiwan (undergraduate); University of Minnesota (graduate), Professional Organizations & Activities: American Institute of Architects (AIA), Firms & Partnerships: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM); Alfred Swenson Pao-Chi Chang Architects, Professional Organizations & Activities: Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Professor; One of the founders of Chicago Women in Architecture (CWA). Education: University of British Columbia; Iowa State College; Ashwell also studied for two years in England with the urban planner Thomas Mawson. The Sweet Corn Society b. Greenes death did not go unnoticed by the black press; her obituary appeared in black newspapers and periodicals across the country, including the New York Amsterdam News, Philadelphia Tribune, Chicago Defender, Chicago Daily Tribune, Atlanta Daily World, and Jet Magazine. Never did I have one bit of trouble because I was a Negro, although there had been arguments about hiring a woman. the modernist is a registered Trademark. Jean Fletcher's Fletcher House, Six Moon Hill, Lexington, Mass. In June 1939, Greene spoke about the new housing project at a careers luncheon for black women, attended by some one hundred interested women. Dr. C. B. Powell, an entrepreneur and the publisher and principal owner of the New York Amsterdam News, purchased a two-story building in Central Harlem and hired Greene to transform the space into a funeral home. to design and execute the remolding of one of Chicagos largest department stores, Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company., Marcel Breuer, Architect (Beverly Greene, draftsperson), UNESCO Headquarters, under construction at the Place de Frontenoy in Paris, 1957. She applied anyway, and to her surprise, she was the first architect employed on the project. The need for housing for black families was so great that 17,544 people applied to live in the Wells project.1010Arnold Hirsch, Making the Second Ghetto: Race and Housing in Chicago 19401960 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009, 30). Duke founded the National Technical Association (NTA) composed of black architects, engineers and scientists. The premise was that better living conditions would improve the companys mortality numbers, thus increasing revenue for the company. Wells Houses. As we honor #BlackHistoryMonth, let us pay tribute to Beverly Loraine Greene, the first African American woman to become a licensed architect in the state of Jarell Chavers LinkedIn: #blackhistorymonth #blackhistorymonth #beverlylorainegreene Date of Birth / Location: October 4, 1915 / Chicago, Illinois, Date of Death / Location: August 22, 1957 / New York, New York. Beverly L. Greene ('45 M.Arch, 1915-57) was the first African American women architect licensed to practice in the United States; Norma Merrick Sklarek ( '50 B.Arch, 1926-2012) was the first African American woman to be made a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects. Between 1951 until shortly before her death in 1957, Greene worked in Marcel Breuers office, where she was a draftsperson on several projects, including the Grosse Pointe Library in Grosse Point, Michigan (1953) and a servants quarters addition for the Winthrop Rockefeller house in Tarrytown, New York (1952).2424Greenes name appears on two projects in the online archives for the Marcel Breuer Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Syracuse University Libraries. Rosenfields projects during this period included the Laboratory and Morgue, Kings County Hospital in Brooklyn, an alteration/addition to the Pediatrics Pavilion at Metropolitan Hospital in Harlem, and Beth-El Hospitals private pavilion in Brooklyn.2222Information about Greenes employment by Rosenfield was obtained during a 2000 interview by author with Clivetta Stuart Johnson about her husband, Conrad A. Johnson, who supervised detailed planning and design in Rosenfields office. Wells housing project. Beverly Loraine Greene died on August 22, 1957 at age forty-one in New York City. the legacy she built was reflected in her funeral service. Greene returned to her hometown of Chicago in 1938 and broke yet another barrier by being one of the first few African Americans to work with the Chicago Housing Authority. Also present at the dinner were five members of a group of black citizens (including Taylor) who in 1933 organized to bring a low-income housing project to the South Side. Beverly Loraine Greene. 10.03.23 -13.05.23 Wells Housing Project as Charles S. Duke, who developed the original rejected 1934 scheme, while Walter T. Bailey, considered Illinois first licensed black architect, is listed as Additional Architect or Designer.1313Ida B. Garage Block, Paseo Delicias, Civic Center, Rancho Santa Fe, 192223, Riggs and Shaw, Alice Erving House, Montecito, Calif., 194951, First Presbyterian Church of St. [1] She obtained the degree in architecture in 1945 and took a job with the firm of Isadore Rosefield. An only child born on October 4th, 1915 in Chicago, IL, Greene was raised by her father, James A. Greene, who was a lawyer, and her stay at home mother, Vera Greene. Greene went on to work for a number of notable architectural firms on memorable projects, includingthe arts complex at Sarah Lawrence College andthe UNESCO United Nations headquarters in Paris, France. Name: Beverly Loraine Greene Date of Birth / Location: October 4, 1915 / Chicago, Illinois Date of Death / Location: August 22, 1957 / New York, New York The objective of the organization was to seek full and equal opportunities in the field of architecture for African Americans and other minorities, and the membership included both black and white architects. Professional Organizations & Activities: First documented African American Woman architect licensed in United States. Sheets from these two projects provide samples of her drafting skills, while a letter she wrote in response to an owners question mentions a revised drawing and bulletin and explains Breuers opinion on how a structural pre-bid question should be handled. Greene persevered and stayed true to her passions of architecture and learning, despite the racism she had to face, creating a lasting legacy in her too short career. Record Series 26/4/1p. 175 . Woman Architect Blazes a New Trail for Others, Amsterdam News, June 23, 1945; Miss Beverly ", Pioneering Women of American Architecture, Beverly Lorraine Greene, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beverly_Lorraine_Greene&oldid=1140911200, First female African-American licensed architect in the US, Winthrop House Rockefeller addition, Tarrytown, N.Y., 1952, New York University Building Complex, University Heights campus, Bronx, N.Y., 1956. BlackPast.org is a 501(c)(3) non-profit and our EIN is 26-1625373. Wells Homes, Chicago, 193941. (n.d.). Co-sponsored by the New York Chapter of the American Institute of Architects (AIA NYC) and the Architectural League, the exhibit of CANA members work was seen at St. Philips Church and the Countee Cullen Library in Harlem and before traveling to Hampton University in Virginia where it was to be displayed for an educators conference.2828In a letter published in Ebony Magazine (March 1957, 12), Isaiah Ehrlich, a CANA member, gives the names of other black women architects who participated at this exhibition. Be a Modernist | Support our programme | Join our Membership. She advocated for professional Black women throughout her 18-year career. Getty Images, Bettman collection. "Not that long ago she started to suffer from debilitating depression," the "RHOBH" star told her Instagram followers. In April 1944, she was part of the cast in the Gilbert and Sullivan operetta. What was her background, and how did she come to work in this area? Marcel Breuer Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Syracuse University Libraries, Marcel Breuer, Architect (Beverly Greene, draftsperson), Grosse Pointe Library, Grosse Pointe, Mich., 1953. Courtesy of the Park Forest Star. Firms & Partnerships: Architect for Sears, Roebuck & Co., 1937 (According to "Houses by Mail: A Guide to Houses from Sears, Roebuck & Company" by Katherine Cole Stevenson and H. Ward Jandl.) The American Red Cross c. Future Educators of America d. A drama club called, Greene never let the societal pressures of her time slow her down, and during her career she worked with a number of notable names in the architecture world. In 1951, she was involved with the project to build the theater at the University of Arkansas and in 1952, she helped plan the Arts Complex at Sarah Lawrence College. Greene contributed to the designs for the UNESCO United Nations Headquarters in Paris. Despite her education and credentials, Greene struggled to secure work as an architect in Chicago due to racial prejudice, finding that she and her fellow black colleagues were frequently shunned by architectural firms and written out of the local press almost entirely. Beverly Greenes final projects of her career were once again for higher education. Greene, 49, died after confrontation with officers in 2019 Louisiana police initially refused to release bodycam footage Sean Greene, Ronald's brother, at a protest in Washington last year.. Greene is standing in the second row, third from the left. The family was part of the Great Migration that transformed Chicago starting in 1900; by 1920 more than 85 percent of the black population in Chicago lived within a chain of neighborhoods located on the South Side and known as the Black Belt and Bronzeville. Greene and her parents were listed as mulatto in the 1920 census, at a time when a particular ancestral lineage and difference in skin color warranted a special label. Some of her work can even be seen internationally. She would also have known Norma Fairweather, later known as Norma Sklarek (New York States first black female architect, licensed in 1954). Video now shows Ronald Greene was kicked, dragged and tased by police. Greene supported Chicago theater for children by designing and painting sets and designing costumes. Greene persevered and stayed true to her passions of architecture and learning, despite the racism she had to face, creating a lasting legacy in her too short career. Subjects: African American History, People Terms: , Europe - France, , STEM - Architects Black perspectives in the built environment. Beverly Loraine Greene va ser una arquitecta americana. According to Metropolitan Lifes president Frederick H. Ecker, African-Americans would not be permitted to live on the development; he told The New York Post, If we brought them into this development, it would be to the detriment of the city, too, because it would depress all the surrounding property. Prices were also set so high that only 3% of the former Gas House District tenants (which comprised a high number of African-Americans) would have been able to afford the rent, therefore adding another layer of discrimination. In 1978, some of Crawford's student drawings were featured in the "Chicago Women Architects: Contemporary Directions" exhibition at Artemisia Gallery in Chicago, Illinois. Wells Archival Image & Media Collection, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, B.Arch., 1936, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, M.S. Beverly Lorraine Greene (October 4, 1915 - August 22, 1957) was an American architect. Beverly Loraine Greene. The American Red Cross c. Future Educators of America d. A drama club called Cenacle. Firms & Partnerships: According to 1938-39 Cornell Alumni directory, Adelaide was in joint practice of architecture at 104 S Dearborn in Chicago, Illinois and in the 90 Schiller Building, Chicago, Illinois with her husband John Hulla. Date of Birth / Location: 1872 / Quincy, Illinois, Date of Death / Location: August 17, 1936 / Chicago, Illinois, Professional Organizations & Activities: Member, National Women's Association of Commerce; Board member, Aviation Club of Chicago; Director, Woodlawn Trust and Savings Bank; Member, Mens Association of Commerce, Date of Birth / Location: 1871 / New York, Education: Wellesley College, 1884-1890; AB from Cornell University, 1887-1890; Bachelor's of Science in Architecture, Chicago School of Architecture (a joint program with the Armour Institute, now Illinois Institute of Techonoly IIT, and the School of the Art Institute of Chicago), 1902. Blvd., New York City, 1955, New York University Building Complex, University Heights campus (Marcel Breuer, architect), Bronx, N.Y., 1956, UNESCO Headquarters, Secretariat and Conference Hall (Marcel Breuer, architect), Place de Fontenoy, Paris, 195457, Chicago Housing Authority, Chicago, 193841, Technical center (possibly CHA-related), Chicago, 194041, Isadore Rosenfield, New York City, 194749; Isadore & Zachary Rosenfield, 194950, Marcel Breuer and Associates, New York City, 195257, Beverly Greene (2 independent building alterations), New York City, 1953 and 1955, Student chapter, American Society of Civil Engineers, University of Illinois at Urbana-Campaign, 193236, Council for the Advancement of the Negro in Architecture (CANA), New York City, 195057, Washington, Roberta. Date of Birth / Location: January 2 1912 / Georgetown, British Guiana, Date of Birth / Location: August 16, 1897 / British Columbia, Canada, Date of Death / Location: November 5, 1987 / British Columbia, Canada. (2018, September 09). In December 1939, the CHA announced the hiring of its first licensed black architect, George M. Jones, to join the housing design staff to work on the new $7,719,000 project. Firms & Partnerships: C.F. Firms & Partnerships: Chief Land Planner for the Chicago Housing Authority (CHA), late 1940s-early 1950s. Lorene Shea died on May 1 at age 52. See the latest news and architecture related to Beverly Loraine Greene, only on ArchDaily. All Rights Reserved. Woman Architects Services at Unity (obituary). However, Greene still had a desire for learning and left the Stuyvesant Town assignment to accept a scholarship that allowed her to earn a masters degree in architecture from Columbia University on June 5, 1945. In addition to the copyright to this collective work, copyright to the materials which appear on this site may be held by the individual authors or others. Beverly Loraine Greene. Greene collaborated with an architectural firm headed by, that specialized primarily in healthcare and hospital design. According to architectural editor Dreck Spurlock Wilson, she was "believed to have been the first African-American female licensed as an architect in the United States. Chicago Housing Authority, Ida B. In an Instagram post, Richards posted a series of snapshots throughout the decades posing alongside her longtime friend. Bodycam footage of a Louisiana police officer showing the arrest of Ronald Greene on May 10, 2019. I remember there was one gal in my class and she was what we called colored girls thenBeverly Greene. A digital archive at the Art Institute of Chicago lists the architect/designer of the Ida B. Courtesy of the Chicago Daily Tribune. Personal Information. Greene died while en route to Glenwood Medical Center.". While Greene was still working for Breuer, she completed two renovation projects in Harlem on her own. Kyle Richards shared an emotional post on Friday, May 7 revealing the death of her best friend, Lorene. [1] Despite her credentials, she found it difficult to surmount race barriers to find work in the city. Ironically she had also designed the Unity Funeral Home, the building in which her memorial service was held. African-American Architects: a Biographical Dictionary, In 1936, she became the first African American woman to receive a bachelors degree in architectural engineering, from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champagne, receiving an M.S. She was the first black woman to study architecture at the University of Illinois. Axonometric drawing of two houses showing underground tunnels from Austin, Suspended Vanity 329-1, 196073, and 62 Ottoman, Kodak factory, So Jos dos Campos, So Paulo, Brazil, 1971, Alfred and Jane West Clauss, Clauss Residence II (Redwood House), Little Switzerland, Knoxville, Tenn., 1943, Elisabeth Coit, sketch from Architecture as a Profession for Women,, Desert View Watchtower, Grand Canyon, 1933, Pepsi-Cola Headquarters, 1960, New York City, Living room in the Eames House, Pacific Palisades, California, 1958. [3] The following year, she earned her master's degree from UIUC in city planning and housing. Greene was born in Chicago on October 4, 1915, the only child of James A. Greene, a postal worker from Texas, and Vera Greene, a wage worker from Missouri. BEVERLY LORAINE GREENE American architect born in 1915. These articles must be merged (although I think the present . In 1929, Duke was designated as the consulting engineer and architect for the group established by A. L. Foster and in 1934 designed a prototype for what became the Ida B. Photo of Anna Carmen Baird Walsh in A Composite Woman, American Lumberman, November 27, 1920- Courtesy of Julia Bachrach Consulting, Katherine Brewster with her children Sara and Edward- Courtesy of Chicago History Museum, Pao-Chi Chang- Courtesy of the Chicago Tribune. On December 28, 1942, at just twenty seven years old, Greene achieved what she is mostly remembered for, registering with the state of Illinois and therefore, believed to be the first licensed African-American female architect in the United States. Retrieved September 12, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beverly_Loraine_Greene(Photo of UNESCO Building), Greene, Beverly Loraine (1915-1957) | The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed. (n.d.). The battle and eventual success inspired an open-housing movement that led to housing discrimination being made illegal nationwide, becoming a landmark in de-segregation and racism in the USA. In 1942, Beverly Loraine Greene was believed to be the first female architect licensed in the United States. Beverly Loraine Greene. She helped design buildings for New York University, but sadly she passed away at the age of 41 on August 22, 1957 before her NYU projects were completed. Greene and her mother lived as lodgers on Chicagos South Side, and Greene entered the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1932 to study architecture. Wells housing project. Greene was the only black woman employed by the firm, and one of only two women overall (the other was Belva Jane Barnes).2525In Architecture Without Rules: The Houses of Marcel Breuer and Herbert Beckhard (New York: W.W. Norton, 1996), David Masello writes that in 1951 two of Breuers employees were womenBeverly Greene and Belva J. Barnesand that one was black was a reflection of Breuers eclectic, enlightened and open-minded approach to architecture. In 1953, Greene also seems to have been the leading designer on a third project: a newspaper article in the Atlantic Daily World states that Greenes firm sent her to Chicago . Information about Greenes employment by Rosenfield was obtained during a 2000 interview by author with Clivetta Stuart Johnson about her husband, Conrad A. Johnson, who supervised detailed planning and design in Rosenfields office. Fragile Brutalism Ukrainian Mass Housing : Past | War | Future in city planning there a year later. Illio, 1895-. Greenes name and image are included in a group photo of the student chapter of the American Society of Civil Engineers. I wish some others would try it.2020Woman Architect Blazes a New Trail for Others, New York Amsterdam News, June 23, 1945. Wells Homes, Chicago Defender, July 8, 1939. The current home of the School of Architecture. Edited by Mary McLeod and Victoria Rosner, 2023 Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation. A small donation would help us keep this available to all. However, the War has ended that, and Negro women in the postwar world will have a fertile field in architecture. Her legacy cannot be understated. In 1936, she graduated from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champagne with a bachelor's in architectural engineering, making history as the first Black woman to do so. Its a travel magazine of sorts..Out now. Husband, August 30, 1951. Artwork, Beverly Loraine Green & Stuy Town, New York, FAC 461 - Factory Records: The Complete Graphic Album - new limited edition. Black contractors, technicians, engineers, draftsmen, architects, and skilled and unskilled workers were also working on the Ida B. [1], This article is about the architect. Beverly L. Greene. Mary Ann Crawford in front of the Lindberg Construction Company building that she designed. Ironically she had also designed the Unity Funeral Home, the building in which her memorial service was held. Awards & Honors: Legion of Honor for her work with the Chicago chapter of France Forever. Courtesy of the University of Illinois Archives. Although Beverly Loraine Greene did not get to see her last project come to fruition, the legacy she built was reflected in her funeral service. In October 1938, the Chicago Housing Authority Chairman Joseph W. McCarthy informed Foster that the employment of black architects and drafters could only be considered after CHA received approval and a federal loan contract for the project. In December 1937, she and twenty others were invited to a dinner in Chicago for Paul R. Williams, the countys best-known black architect, who was visiting from California. . In response to a question about how many women were in his class, he responded: Very few. The companys response, in part, was to develop the Riverton Houses project in Harlem in a demonstration of the separate but equal policy followed by many organizations at the time. Your donation is fully tax-deductible. The Council for the Advancement of the Negro in Architecture was an organization founded in 1953 by the leading African American architect in New York at the time, John Louis Wilson, FAIA. (n.d.). She moved to New York City in 1945 to work on the planned Stuyvesant Town private housing project in lower Manhattan being built by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company. Subscribe to our E-Blasts for up-to-date preservation-related news and event information: Landmarks Illinois. 3 min read. The first . A year later she furthered her education at Illinois by earning a masters degree in city planning and housing. Licensed in Illinois December 28, 1942. All Rights Reserved. Wells Homes,, Race Architect to Work on $7,000,000 Project,. In 1944, Greene applied for a position as an architect with the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company in New York City, which was planning to build an 8,000-unit housing complex in Lower Manhattan. Stuyvesant Town (bottom and left) and Peter Cooper Village (top and right). Temple Hoyne Buell Hall. Greenes graduation was also noted in an article about student activities at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in the Chicago Defender (National Edition), June 27, 1936. She passed away in 1957 at the age of 42. Greenes work spans multiple projects but she is best known for her designs for the University of Arkansas, New York University and the UNESCO United Nations Headquarters in Paris and even though she died at the very young age of 41, her unique perspective and love of architecture is still an inspiration today.
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