Denying so many young men the chance to pursue their dreams for crimes they didnt commit deprives the United States of their potential contribution and is at odds with the ideals on which the United States was founded. Sources report that when an exemption is obtained, the person is issued a military exemption card, which lists the reason for the exemption (Human Rights Watch Dec. 2010, 26; BBC 6 Jan. 2010; IHRDC 7 Nov. 2013). military service of the penalties likely to be faced if the person refuses to undertake, evades, or deserts from, military service 1.2 Points to note 1.2.1 Military service is compulsory for all males aged between 18 and 49 although there are some grounds for exemption (see Eligibility). Thus, the military first had to teach the conscripts Persian by instituting extensive literacy training programs. Check carefully whether this total is listed in Iranian rials or tomans (one toman is ten rials), and check the conversion rate as the total in dollars is often an incorrect. "M" means multiple times. Meanwhile, the new categorization still identifies both homosexuality and transsexuality as a form of mental disorder. Sina Azodi and Ali Dadpay. 21 December 2014. General Kamali, the chief conscription officer of the armed forces, stated 19 December 2013 that "many exemptions, deductions and options to pay to avoid military service will be removed" in the "following year". [Accessed 20 Mar. Further and corroborating information could not be found among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate within the time constraints of this Response. Document Name:Govahiye Fot (Death Certificate). 7 November 2013. However, when a Baha'i marries a person from any other religion, the identity documents may not indicate the marriage. Individuals who have a handicap or suffer from a certain illness and are thus not in a complete state of health, however yet well capable of carrying out non-combat/military-related services in offices. "Shamsi to Gregorian Converter." Iran's 1986 population of approximately 48.2 million (including approximately 2.6 million refugees) gave the armed forces a large pool from which to fill its manpower needs, despite the existence of rival irregular forces. According to art. 2014], Middle East Journal. The Baij total force had increased to about 600,000 by 2019. The US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook indicates that the military branches in Iran in 2011 consisted of the, Islamic Republic of Iran Regular Forces (Artesh): Ground Forces, Navy, Air Force (IRIAF), Khatemolanbia Air Defense Headquarters; Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (Sepah-e Pasdaran-e Enqelab-e Eslami, IRGC): Ground Resistance Forces, Navy, Aerospace Force, Quds Force (special operations); Law Enforcement Forces. "Denied Identity: Human Rights Abuses Against Iran's LGBT Community." The first compulsory military service bill was passed ninety-six years ago, during the reign of Reza Shah Pahlavi. According to the IHRDC, "in general males are expected to serve for a period of 20 months" and "[f]or service in impoverished areas, the duration can last 24 months while service in boundary areas can last 22 months" (7 Nov. 2013). Temporary marriages cannot be used to confer immigration benefits and do not substantiate eligibility for either marriage-based immigrant visa classes or for derivative status of any visa class. "We are a Buried Generation." 2012), while the US CIA World Factbook states that volunteers start at 16 (US 26 Feb. 2014). In the United States, enlistments for the Union Army totalled 2,672,341 [2,489,836 white, 178,975 African American, and 3,530 Native American troops], while estimates of enlistment strength for the Confederate Army ranges from 750,000 to 1,227,890. January 2009. In 2007 the Basij had about 300,000 personnel, including 40,000 active personnel; they were authorized to carry small arms only. . The current list of eligible countries is available on USCIS's website for both H-2A and H-2B visas. Document Name:Sanad-e aghd; Sanad Sanad-e ezdevaj (Marriage Certificate), Issuing Authority:National Organization of Registration of Documents and Property (Sazman-e Sabt-e Asnad va Amlak-e Keshvar), Special Seal(s) / Color / Format:Red/burgundy booklet, off-white pages with handwritten data, Issuing Authority Personnel Title:Notary public. 2014], _____. "Iranian Youth Studying Abroad Can Apply for Reduced Military Service." 504 of the 1996 Tazi'rat (the Islamic criminal code): "Whoever manages to incite the armed forces, or who in one way or another assists the armed forces, to rebellion, desertion, surrender or non-performance of their military duties shall be considered a Muhaarib if he intended to overturn the government or to enable the defeat of own forces by the enemy; otherwise, if the actions taken by him have been effective he will be sentenced to from two to ten years' imprisonment, and if they are not, he will be sentenced to six months' to three years' imprisonment." Procedure for Obtaining: Marriage and divorce certificates can only be obtained by the current/former parties to the marriage. Iranian medical exemption laws for military service are indications of legal discrimination against homosexual and transsexual people in Iran. The news met with widespread outrage. Sina Azodi and Mohsen Solhdoost. Except as noted below, the number of entries, fees and validity for non-Canadian or non-Mexican family members of a TN status holder seeking TD visas should be based on the reciprocity schedule of the TN principal alien. If the original booklet is lost, a handwritten transcript from the registry office may be acceptable (Roonevesht).. [Accessed 13 Mar. On Conversion to Christianity, Issues Concerning Kurds and Post-2009 Election Protestors As Well As Legal Issues and Exit Procedures. [Accessed 25 Mar. At that time every male person who had reached 21 years old must serve in the military for 2 years. This exemption is for a man who is the only male in the family and his father is over 65 years old. Few draft dodgers, if any, were sent to jail; the normal procedure was to fine them the equivalent of US$75 (1986 exchange rate). According to a 7 July 2011 report by LANDINFO, Norway's Country of Origin Information Centre, religious minorities "are called in for military service on an equal basis with other Iranians, but are barred from making a military career" (Norway 7 July 2011, 6). Sina Azodi. Further information about payment in lieu of compulsory military service could not be found among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate within the time constraints of this Response. Management: (+9821)66707131-9 Our programs and centers deliver in-depth, highly relevant issue briefs and reports that break new ground, shift opinions, and set agendas on public policy, with a focus on advancing debates by integrating foundational research and analysis with concrete policy solutions. If you wish to remain on travel.state.gov, click the "cancel" message. 30 June 2013. The original version of this document may be found on the offical website of the IRB at, Last Updated: Tuesday, 28 February 2023, 15:25 GMT, 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness, Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Iran : information sur le service militaire, y compris sur l'ge du recrutement, la dure du service, les motifs d'exemption, la possibilit d'effectuer un service de remplacement et le traitement rserv par les autorits aux personnes qui refusent de faire leur service militaire; information indiquant si des sanctions sont imposes aux objecteurs de conscience, Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription, Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity. Treatment of People Who Refuse Military Service. Visa Classification: The type of nonimmigrant visa you are applying for. Issuing Government Authority:Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Immigration and Passport Police; and Iranian Embassies and Consulates, including the Interests Section of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Embassy of Pakistan, Washington, D.C. Special Seal(s) / Color / Format:Burgundy exterior with gold print, including the Iranian Coat of Arms; book is bound on the right side, pages ordered from right to left. 8. 2023 Atlantic Council If lost then the applicant should apply for a duplicate shenasnameh. See 'NOTE' under Canadian reciprocity schedule regarding applicants of Iranian, Iraqi or Libyan nationality. 26 December 2013. Temporary student exemptions may also be substantiated by a letter from the conscription authority and proof of the students bond payment to exit Iran. There are limited exemptions available but the option to buy out of military service has been reintroduced for some people. 2014], United States (US). [Accessed 20 Mar. 2) Exemption from military service is available on several grounds. Since the Iran-Iraq War ended in 1988, most Iranian conscripts have seen no combat, and their military service is often devoid of actual combat training. 2014], Iran. 28 March 2014b. 2014], Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL). National Organization for Civil Registration: (sabteahval.ir) In addition to marriages and divorces having their own documentation, the information should also be recorded in both parties' shenasnameh (birth certificate) documents. The International Campaign for Human Rights in Iran and Small Media were unable to provide information for this Response. Alireza Heidary Roushi, Mitra Mahdavi-Mazdeh, Mahnaz Zamyadi. Of the three services, the air force fared best in this respect, as it had always done. Procedure for Obtaining: Submit the deceaseds national identification card, or number and date of notification of death registration, to the National Organization of Civil Registration. [Accessed 13 Mar. Please find below the list of sources consulted in researching this Information Request. Those who due to weak disposition, growth deficiency or suffering from physical or mental illnesses are temporarily not capable of serving for the mandatory period. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. It is important to inquire about temporary marriages when processing adoption cases from Iran, as posts frequently see children born of temporary marriages. Human Rights Watch indicates that in order to "prove" their sexual orientation or gender identity, men must undergo "numerous" "humiliating" physical and psychological tests and exams, which may be costly, and they may also encounter administrative barriers, such as "few doctors" to perform such tests and doctors that refuse to perform them without parental accompaniment (Dec. 2010, 24-26). 4 May 2013. "Buying Out of Military Service." Accordingly, the period of validity of a V-2 or V-3 visa must be limited to expire on or before the applicant's twenty-first birthday. Like most draftees around the world, Iranians are eager return to civilian life as soon as their mandatory enlistment ends. [Accessed 14 Mar. However, the non-Canadian national dependent of a Canadian "TN", unless otherwise exempt from the visa requirement, must obtain a "TD" visa before attempting to enter the United States. [Accessed 14 Mar. Once an individual is deemed exempt, they are issued a military exemption card, which identifies the reasons for their exemption.